To help science

One of the main components of the Internet, created in the mid 80-ies of the funds from the National science Foundation (NSF) of the USA, has given scientists at universities across the country the ability to share expensive resources of five regional supercomputing centers, NSF built. In those days, Internet use was limited to scientific and governmental institutions. At the beginning of the 1990s, the Network connection became available not only for small businesses but also for private users. At the same time, the U.S. government took the initiative of establishing a national information infrastructure. The combination of these factors has caused unprecedented boom connection to the Network. In 1995 the number of Internet users was 35 million. In mid 2005 there were 938 million.
Internet - the world's largest computer network. There are a number of other types of online systems in which you can enter via the telephone line using a modem (modulator/demodulator). The modem converts the data read by the computer, signals are transmitted and again digitized at the other end of the connection. Online systems perform the same functions as the Internet: electronic mail, file libraries and other information archives, electronic conferencing and access to corporate data or periodicals.
Access to many such systems, the so-called electronic Bulletin Board (WV), free of charge, while others (for example, a commercial online information service "CompuServe") charge a fee for the use of its resources, depending on the time spent on the line and type of service. Since the creation of the Internet was funded by government and the first users were universities and research institutions, information in the Network can be accessed mostly for free. Recently, however, the situation is changing due to the fact that the financing of the work of Internet is more and more directed towards the private sector, therefore development of new, more reliable means of protection. Some components of the Internet are now paid from funds received from advertising.
In addition to electronic mail (e-mail), Usenet and Networks, the most common services of the Internet are Telnet and FTP. Each of them performs different functions and requires an individual software client programs (from the computational process in a client-server) that need to be installed and run on user's PC. Large commercial systems simplify this task by providing a complete software products or tools. For example, Тelnet allows users to connect to a remote computer and use it as if they were sitting in front of the terminal. The file transfer Protocol (FTP) enables you to send or take files from remote computers.