Noise levels

The volume - level of energy in the sound, measured in decibels. Whisper equates to 15 decibels (dB), the sound of voices in the classroom, reaches about 50, and the street noise for traffic, is about 90 dB. Noise over 100 dB can become unbearable to the human ear. The noise is about 140 dB (e.g., the sound of a jet airplane taking off) can be painful to the ear and even damage your eardrum.
Most people's hearing acuity is dulled with age. This is due mainly to the fact that the ear bones lose their original mobility, whereby vibrations are not transmitted to the inner ear. In addition, infections of the organs of the ear can damage the eardrum and can have a negative effect on the bones, resulting in deafness.
The reason certain types of deafness is damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve. The hearing impairment can result in permanent noise impacts (for example, in the factory) or a sudden and loud sound spikes. You should be very careful to use a stereo player because of excessively loud sound can also result in deafness. This is proved by scientists.

Nervous system

The nervous system is a collection of structures in the human body that interconnect individual organs to each other and the whole organism with the environment.
The nervous system is essential for vision and hearing, sensation of pain and pleasure, fine motor control, regulate such body functions as digestion and respiration, as well as for the development of thinking, speech, memory, and skills in decision-making.

The elements

"Working elements" of the nervous system are the millions of interconnected cells called neurons that perform the same function as the wires in complex electrical machine. Neurons receive signals in one part of the nervous system and transmit them to another part of the signals can act on other neurons or to cause a certain action, 5 for example, the contraction of muscle fibers.
The cells are very fragile cells that can easily be damaged or destroyed as a result of trauma, infection, pressure, chemical exposure or lack of oxygen. Moreover, since the destroyed neurons do not regenerate, such violations can have serious consequences. The nervous system is divided into two interrelated parts - the Central nervous system (CNS) consisting of brain and spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system (CNS), which includes all nervous tissue outside the Central nervous system. And peripheral and Central nervous systems consist of several components.
From the peripheral nervous system two divisions: the external, or somatic, nervous system and internal vegetative nervous system.
Somatic system performs two functions, namely: collecting information from the senses and sends it to the Central nervous system; transmits signals from Central nervous system to skeletal muscles in response to the received information, thereby predetermining the movement of the body.

Conscious and unconscious actions

The autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating the functions of internal organs and glands, especially the heart, stomach, kidneys and pancreas. Somatic nervous system consists of two basic components: sensory and motor systems. Information about the external world perceived by the senses, e.g. eyes, which have special receptor cells. Other similar cells perceive the signals of pain, touch and temperature of the skin. The signals from these receptors are transmitted to the CNS via sensory nerve fibers. A set of signals, the intensity of which reaches millions of pulses per second gives us the necessary information about the external world. With team CNS via motor nerve fibers go to the muscles.
Sensitive nerve fibers information arrives in the CNS, and from there, commands are sent to one or other muscles via motor nerve fibers.
And sensitive and motor nerve fibers are part of the sensory and motor neurons. All neurons consist of a cell body and a number of leading fibers. Sensory and motor fibers of the CNS - the long fibers of the respective neurons. Cell bodies of sensory nerve fibers located near the head or the spinal cord, and motor neurons within the brain or spinal cord.
Motor and sensory fibers that carry messages from a particular organ or area of the body and back, is collected in the beam - nerve. It is believed that different nerves "feed" a specific area or organ. In General, moving away from the Central nervous system 43 pairs of nerves: 12 pairs of cranial nerves from the brain and 31 pairs on both sides of the spinal cord.
Cranial nerves nourish the sense organs and muscles inside the skull, although a very important nerve of this kind - wandering - responsible for the digestive organs, heart and lung Airways. Some cranial nerves (e.g. optic nerve of the eye) are composed of only sensory fibers.
Spinal nerves extend from the spinal cord and contain both motor and sensory fibers. They nourish all parts of our body below the neck. Each nerve is attached to spinal cord by two roots, one of which contains the motor and the second sensory fibers.
Thus, the PNS serves only to transmit sensory and motor messages between the Central nervous system and the muscles, glands and sense organs. Peripheral nervous system practically is not involved in the analysis of sensory signals or the formation of motor signals, since these actions are carried out by the Central nervous system.

Central nervous system

The brain and spinal cord form the Central processor of the nervous system, which, with the sensory fibers receive information from sensory organs and receptors, filters and analyses it, and then through the motor fibers send the command, causing a reaction in the muscles and glands. Such a task analysis or data processing may be relatively simple for certain functions of the spinal cord, but the brain usually does a very complex analysis involving thousands of different neurons.

Spinal cord

The spinal cord is a nearly cylindrical column of nerve tissue with a length of about 40 cm, located inside of the spine between the brain and the lower back. It performs two important functions. First plays the role of bilateral conductive path between the brain and PNS. This is achieved through sensory and motor neurons, long bundles of fibers which depart from different parts of the brain. They extend for different distances along the spinal cord, and their end most distant from the brain, affect fibers or cell bodies of sensory or motor neurons of the PNS. The signals can be transmitted through the gaps between the synapses of peripheral and spinal neurons. The second function of the spinal cord associated with the management of simple reflex actions. This task is performed by the neurons, the fibers of which extend for short distances up and down the spinal cord, and intermediate neurons transmit signals directly between sensory and motor neurons.
For example, if you accidentally touched a hot stove, pain receptors in the skin send signals by sensory fibers to the spinal cord. Part of these signals are immediately transmitted by neurons to the motor neurons that control muscles of the arms and hands, and you will quickly, automatically pulls his hand. Other signals pass up the spinal cord and are transmitted to the intermediate neurons in the motor neurons controlling the neck muscles. As a result, the head is automatically rotated in the direction of the source of pain. Next, the signals enter the brain and cause the sensation of heat and pain.

India next

Almost everyone knows that most of our diseases are the result of negative thinking, and thoughts, in turn, is directly dependent on the emotions and emotional balance. In other words, the physical body is a reflection of our soul. Is it possible to establish this relationship, and how to do it?
The only question to yourself.

Many have noticed that after a strong emotional excitement, stress or tension we usually get sick. Some diseases turn into chronic, and people after some time just adjusting to live with them, believing that no solution of this problem does not exist. Although one of the reasons for disease lies in the weakening of the body due to negative experiences, psychological instability and discrepancies of the emotional state, resulting in reduced immunity. If a person consciously take responsibility for your life, he will begin to occur a truly stunning change. Today, unfortunately, rarely really relax, to listen to your body and not only relax physically, but also to put in order their thoughts. Yes, we all go to the sea, occasionally visited the sanatorium in the health resort and, of course, feel after the holidays rested, full of strength and energy. But in all this there is still one "but" we're going back to the everyday hustle and bustle, never changing nor life, neither food nor way of thinking. So gradually everything returns to normal, we were again plagued by pain in the stomach or back, migraines or just a feeling of emotional exhaustion and chronic fatigue.
Of course, the panacea for all ills does not exist, it is also true that each person is different and chooses a rest for the soul. However, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that there are proven over many millennia, the Indian science of healthy and long life – Ayurveda. It can help not only to cleanse the body and restore internal harmony, but also to radically revise developed over the years habits and lifestyle.
According to Ayurveda, man is composed of body, mind and soul. Therefore, disease prevention is the balance of the physical and the spiritual. Salako-balance the body, i.e. the accumulation of toxins is the main cause of all our diseases. This means that the prevention and treatment of all diseases should begin with deep cleansing of the body. Prevention is much easier than treatment of disease. For the health of your body everyone should reconsider their habits, diet and perception of the world. Even the negative moments in life can be channeled in a positive direction. Most importantly, learn to see the good. Of course, if the disease has manifested on the physical plane, it must be treated, because, you see, nothing can be fertile in a contaminated environment. Unfortunately, despite the fact that mankind literally for the last decade, made remarkable technical progress, people at the same time began to forget that the most progress causes irreparable damage to the ecosystem of our planet. And now we are forced to breathe polluted air, to experience a shortage of clean water and eat genetically modified food. On top of that to the fast pace of progress is accelerating and the pace of life that invariably leads to stress and nervous breakdowns. Therefore, even if the person has reached a high level of spiritual development, and responsible approach to their health, in existing conditions, it also will periodically need to the program to help your body get rid of
accumulated toxins and bring it before the disease.

Contact lenses

THEY ARE INVISIBLE AND CONVENIENT, THEY CAN BE USED TO CORRECT VISION IN THE RANGE OF -20 TO +20, OR JUST TO CHANGE EYE COLOR. LENSES LIMIT PERIPHERAL VISION, NOT FIGHTING. IN GENERAL, SOLID PROS. AND ARE THERE ANY DOWNSIDES?

Only for the nimble
Even the most modern and high-tech contact lenses are a foreign object to the eye. Not everyone is able to get used to them and wear lenses many learn with difficulty. Older people, children and adults with poor coordination and poor fine motor skills may never learn to do it correctly. And this can lead to eye damage the lens, and foreign objects that accidentally fall under it.

Need expert help
Do not forget that a contact lens is a medical device. In many countries for their purchase requires a prescription from your eye doctor. In Russia, a prescription is not needed, but it is not an excuse to skip a visit to the doctor. The parameters of the lenses are different from the downsides of your points, they should choose a professional as the optimum material, and the permeability of the lenses. The little piece of plastic mass parameters of size, shape, number of diopters, etc. Wrong lenses can cause regular fatigue the eyes and cause blurred vision.

Lenses require fanatical hygiene
Almost all complications wearing contact lenses a result of failure to observe hygiene when putting on and taking off, and improper cleaning, excessive wear and ignoring the unpleasant symptoms.

Protein deposits.
This problem occurs among those who use extended wear lenses. Components of tear fluid accumulated on the inner surface of the lens, reducing its transparency. If you do not pay attention to it, the further formation of deposits may lead to irritation of the cornea, and in severe cases to the development of infectious diseases of the eye. Because protein plaque is a great environment for bacteria.

Allergic reaction
They can cause the lens material and protein deposits, and substances included in the composition of the solutions for lenses. In addition, dust, dander, particles of cosmetic products can adhere to the outer surface of the lens and also to cause a reaction. It most often develops allergic conjunctivitis itching, irritation and redness of the eyes, lacrimation and foreign body sensation in the eye. Is a reason necessarily to go to the doctor. Corneal erosion
Mechanical erosion may develop if contact lens is damaged, dirty or under it were a foreign body (a speck of dust or eyelash). Another reason – accidental injury when removing or inserting lenses. Infectious erosion causing bacteria trapped in the eye with a contaminated lens and multiply under it.

Corneal edema
Occurs when the cornea is not getting enough oxygen. Most often it happens if the lenses are mismatched or made of a material poorly permeable to air, and if the person does not remove the lenses overnight, perekashivaet their time.

Keratitis
One of the most serious complications.
Inflammation of the cornea cause different microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, amoeba, fungi Aspergillus and Candida.
They all fall into the eyes while removing and putting on lenses with dirty hands, if you use tap water for storage, bathing in open ponds and muddy pools.

The growth of corneal blood vessels
This occurs when the cornea for a long period of time loses oxygen. Usually it is the result of wearing lenses with low permeability. If time does not begin treatment, it may cause serious vision impairment.
In each of these cases, the main thing you need to do to remove the lenses immediately and seek an ophthalmologist. Not necessarily that you have to go back to the glasses: it is necessary to undergo treatment and to choose such lenses that will not cause problems in the future.

How to start Jogging

JOGGING IS BECOMING MORE POPULAR. THIS IS DUE TO ITS UNDENIABLE HEALTH BENEFITS AND AFFORDABILITY. THE LAST FACTOR IS THE FACT THAT TO PRACTICE NO NEED TO BUY EXPENSIVE EQUIPMENT OR BUY A GYM MEMBERSHIP.

One of the main conditions of achievement of goals, be it work or sports, is having a clear plan and system of fixation of the results achieved. You can, of course, mindlessly perform some exercises, but without goals and Shisha is the case you quickly get bored. That is why runners beginners sometimes feel the boredom, the futility and lack of motivation during their studies.
Use special mobile applications, also called pocket trainers, solves problems with motivation. They can be used to identify a relevant goal, to follow up on individual tasks, and even get rewarded (virtual, of course) for their implementation.

If you have never ran and generally far from the sport, then start your preparation with visits to the doctor. Only he can make the conclusion about the possibility of training and to give advice about permissible loads. After that you can pick up comfortable clothes and install on your mobile device the app Couch Potato to 5K Run Trainer. Under his guidance you will be able to make your first steps on the treadmill and then gradually increase the distance up to five kilometers. Step-by-step plan contained in the program suitable even for people with very low levels of physical fitness. For them developed special stages with long periods of walking, occasionally interspersed with short segments of running. As you grow your training intervals of walking will decrease and running increase. So in just nine weeks you will be able to overcome a run his first five kilometers. For those who are confident on a treadmill more effective than another approach. They want to achieve new goals, improve your results and increase the distance. For this fit program Adidas miCoach. It can be used in conjunction with other gadgets of this company, and with any smartphone running Android, iOS, Windows and I Phone. In the latter case, the program takes readings from phone sensors and based on them displays information about your speed, pace and the number of passed kilometers.
All data collected by the program are analyzed, and based on them recommendations are generated about the desired tempo and speed runs, which you can hear right in the process of training through the connected headphones. The use of this program is very similar to the lesson with a real coach who teaches, corrects and motivates to achieve better results. An additional advantage is the availability of a large number of free training plans not only for runners, but also for fans of other sports.

Another app called RunKeeper. It is well-known and very popular mobile coach, which is used by many runners worldwide. It can be used to track your movement on the map, get voice prompts about the pace, duration and running speed, share routes with friends and learn from them about new and interesting places that are suitable for Jogging. Special attention in the development of this application was given to the collection and storage of data. A detailed training log lets you instantly get a visual report on the number of passed kilometers for any period of time about the records, the dynamics of your indicators and any other numbers that concern fans of running. For many, sport is the passion and the fight for the victory. Monotonous winding circles through the Park is not for them. Such gambling runners Molen d can you recommend the Strava app. Each user of this program, and their number in the hundreds of thousands, becomes a potential rival. You can easily challenge anyone of them and start a virtual contest. It consists in comparing the number of passed kilometers, determine the maximum speed and time spent on the treadmill. In addition, if you exercise in a place popular among runners for example, the city Park, you can compete for the best score on a certain distance. Thanks to the app everyone will know about who is the fastest runner around, despite the fact that none of the opponents you are competing internally.

Another application that is useful to the thrill. If you can't imagine my life without adventure and games then try an app called Zombies, Run! This kind of
interactive game with a gripping storyline, the development of which you will be given various tasks. To run them you only need running, and from your agility depends on the further development of events. So trivial a morning jog turns into a real adventure in which you must perform several interesting tasks, participate in chases and escape from numerous enemies.
All these mobile applications are designed to help beginner runners. Installing them on your smartphones, you will receive access to a variety of training plans, find support virtual trainer, will find friends at your new hobby or rivals for competition. But most importantly, they will help you gain health and excellent physical shape.

Six foods for the brain

Herbs and spices
Extract isolated from a cinnamon tree that can reduce the formation in the tissue of the brain of protein plaques directly related to the development of Alzheimer's disease. In rats that were fed with sugar and fat to simulate the deterioration of brain functions associated with malnutrition, cinnamon extract significantly improved cognitive ability and condition of nerve fibers. Turmeric helps brain neurons to absorb oxygen and nutrients. But experiments on mice have confirmed that a small dose of curcumin to improve the functioning of neurons and positively affect memory. A similar result was obtained in rats that have pre-simulated disorder of cerebral blood circulation. To get the benefits for your brain, quite quite a bit of turmeric in the amount listed in recipes. In citrus fruits, like garlic, have volatile, they contribute to the destruction of bacteria, protozoa and microscopic fungi. Berries
Regular use of conventional blueberries and strawberries can delay age-related disorders of cognitive functions of the brain of about 1.5-2.5 years today
it is an established fact. And blueberries can slow the development of neurodegenerative processes on excess fat consumption. However, while this effect is proven only on laboratory mice.

Olive oil
Scientists from Louisiana state University (USA) proved that its regular use significantly reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease. First of all thanks to vitamin E. As shown by experiments, a large dose of this vitamin can delay the development of dementia almost six months. But in addition to his olive oil contains a unique combination of oleocanthal. Recent changes the structure of neurotoxic-ing proteins that are to blame for the emergence of cognitive disorders, and prevents their destructive effects on nerve cells.

Coffee
About the dangers and benefits of coffee, many argue, but, as it turned out, the nerve cells affected by it positively. So, in the course of the study, which was published in the journal Neurology, found out that consumption of three or more cups of organic coffee a day improves cognitive ability (interestingly, only in women). Also experiments have shown that coffee is able to slow down memory decline and development of dementia in Alzheimer's disease.
However, coffee has a lot of "but". Its beneficial effect on the brain can completely offset the negative consequences for the cardiovascular system: not everyone can safely drink 3-4 cups of strong coffee a day. And in any case, many won't be able to sleep soundly in the allotted time, and lack of sleep harm the brain even more than alcohol. Nuts
Specialists conducted the study. As a test, made mice that have artificially induced the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. One group were put on a diet containing walnuts, while the other remained a control. During the four month experiment, the learning ability and memory in mice that ate walnuts had improved substantially. But what about men? A group of students demonstrated improved capacity for reasoning and the formulation of findings after drinking just half a Cup of walnuts for 2 months. A six-year study allowed to assert that regular consumption of nuts helps to improve short-term memory in the elderly. Some scientists believe that nuts have a rejuvenating effect on the elderly brain. However, only in women.

Fish
Experts from the North American radiological society recently reported that a fish diet increases the volume of gray matter in the brain. This indicator is directly linked to the preservation and improvement of intellectual abilities.
They also found that people who eat fish at least once a week, better at remembering information (interestingly, this effect was observed in those who prefer baked, but not fried fish). For an increase in brain volume and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, but scientists responsible omega-3 fatty acids contained in fish. Important point: they are good for the brain, while the processes of destruction of nerve cells has not yet begun. So, fish need to eat of his youth: though salmon, mackerel, even though ordinary fat herring.

IS THERE A DIET TO IMPROVE BRAIN FUNCTION?

It turns out, Yes. Scientists have found that Alzheimer's is less common in Italy, Spain, Greece, Malta and Cyprus. Where the diet of the inhabitants of a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables, fish, legumes, cereals. And of course, no vegetable oils, especially olive, a Mediterranean diet is impossible to imagine. Thanks to the monounsaturated fatty acids of the oil to slow down the aging of the brain and prevent the development neurodegen operational diseases, if they have the prerequisites.